基本信息：

中文名称：

ActivAbTMPRKD1/2/3 抗体封闭肽

英文名称：

ActivAbTMPRKD1/2/3 Antibody Blocking Peptide

别名：

Protein kinase C mu type,Protein kinase D,nPKC-D1,nPKC-mu,PKD,PKD1,PRKCM,/nPKC-D2,PKD2,HSPC187/Protein kinase C nu type,Protein kinase EPK2,nPKC-nu,EPK2,PRKCN

外观(性状)：

Lyophilized powder

来源：

Synthetic

储存条件：

Store at -20°C. Avoid freeze / thaw cycles.

运输条件：

冷冻运输

规格：

500ug



生物活性：

应用：

Blocking Peptide of K111506P Antibody

纯化方法：

HPLC

背景说明：

Serine/threonine-protein kinase that converts transient diacylglycerol (DAG) signals into prolonged physiological effects downstream of PKC, and is involved in the regulation of MAPK8/JNK1 and Ras signaling, Golgi membrane integrity and trafficking, cell survival through NF-kappa-B activation, cell migration, cell differentiation by mediating HDAC7 nuclear export, cell proliferation via MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) signaling, and plays a role in cardiac hypertrophy, VEGFA-induced angiogenesis, genotoxic-induced apoptosis and flagellin-stimulated inflammatory response. Phosphorylates the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on dual threonine residues, which leads to the suppression of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced MAPK8/JNK1 activation and subsequent JUN phosphorylation. Phosphorylates RIN1, inducing RIN1 binding to 14-3-3 proteins YWHAB, YWHAE and YWHAZ and increased competition with RAF1 for binding to GTP-bound form of Ras proteins (NRAS, HRAS and KRAS). Acts downstream of the heterotrimeric G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex to maintain the structural integrity of the Golgi membranes, and is required for protein transport along the secretory pathway. In the trans-Golgi network (TGN), regulates the fission of transport vesicles that are on their way to the plasma membrane. May act by activating the lipid kinase phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta (PI4KB) at the TGN for the local synthesis of phosphorylated inositol lipids, which induces a sequential production of DAG, phosphatidic acid (PA) and lyso-PA (LPA) that are necessary for membrane fission and generation of specific transport carriers to the cell surface. Under oxidative stress, is phosphorylated at Tyr-463 via SRC-ABL1 and contributes to cell survival by activating IKK complex and subsequent nuclear translocation and activation of NFKB1. Involved in cell migration by regulating integrin alpha-5/beta-3 recycling and promoting its recruitment in newly forming focal adhesion. In osteoblast differentiation, mediates the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2)-induced nuclear export of HDAC7, which results in the inhibition of HDAC7 transcriptional repression of RUNX2. In neurons, plays an important role in neuronal polarity by regulating the biogenesis of TGN-derived dendritic vesicles, and is involved in the maintenance of dendritic arborization and Golgi structure in hippocampal cells. May potentiate mitogenesis induced by the neuropeptide bombesin or vasopressin by mediating an increase in the duration of MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) signaling, which leads to accumulation of immediate-early gene products including FOS that stimulate cell cycle progression. Plays an important role in the proliferative response induced by low calcium in keratinocytes, through sustained activation of MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) pathway. Downstream of novel PKC signaling, plays a role in cardiac hypertrophy by phosphorylating HDAC5, which in turn triggers XPO1/CRM1-dependent nuclear export of HDAC5, MEF2A transcriptional activation and induction of downstream target genes that promote myocyte hypertrophy and pathological cardiac remodeling. Mediates cardiac troponin I (TNNI3) phosphorylation at the PKA sites, which results in reduced myofilament calcium sensitivity, and accelerated crossbridge cycling kinetics. The PRKD1-HDAC5 pathway is also involved in angiogenesis by mediating VEGFA-induced specific subset of gene expression, cell migration, and tube formation. In response to VEGFA, is necessary and required for HDAC7 phosphorylation which induces HDAC7 nuclear export and endothelial cell proliferation and migration. During apoptosis induced by cytarabine and other genotoxic agents, PRKD1 is cleaved by caspase-3 at Asp-378, resulting in activation of its kinase function and increased sensitivity of cells to the cytotoxic effects of genotoxic agents. In epithelial cells, is required for transducing flagellin-stimulated inflammatory responses by binding and phosphorylating TLR5, which contributes to MAPK14/p38 activation and production of inflammatory cytokines. May play a role in inflammatory response by mediating activation of NF-kappa-B. May be involved in pain transmission by directly modulating TRPV1 receptor. Plays a role in activated KRAS-mediated stabilization of ZNF304 in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells (PubMed:24623306). Regulates nuclear translocation of transcription factor TFEB in macrophages upon live S.enterica infection (By similarity)./Serine/threonine-protein kinase that converts transient diacylglycerol (DAG) signals into prolonged physiological effects downstream of PKC, and is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation via MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) signaling, oxidative stress-induced NF-kappa-B activation, inhibition of HDAC7 transcriptional repression, signaling downstream of T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) and cytokine production, and plays a role in Golgi membrane trafficking, angiogenesis, secretory granule release and cell adhesion (PubMed:15604256, PubMed:14743217, PubMed:17077180, PubMed:16928771, PubMed:17962809, PubMed:17951978, PubMed:18262756, PubMed:19192391, PubMed:19001381, PubMed:23503467, PubMed:28428613). May potentiate mitogenesis induced by the neuropeptide bombesin by mediating an increase in the duration of MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) signaling, which leads to accumulation of immediate-early gene products including FOS that stimulate cell cycle progression (By similarity). In response to oxidative stress, is phosphorylated at Tyr-438 and Tyr-717 by ABL1, which leads to the activation of PRKD2 without increasing its catalytic activity, and mediates activation of NF-kappa-B (PubMed:15604256, PubMed:28428613). In response to the activation of the gastrin receptor CCKBR, is phosphorylated at Ser-244 by CSNK1D and CSNK1E, translocates to the nucleus, phosphorylates HDAC7, leading to nuclear export of HDAC7 and inhibition of HDAC7 transcriptional repression of NR4A1/NUR77 (PubMed:17962809). Upon TCR stimulation, is activated independently of ZAP70, translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and is required for interleukin-2 (IL2) promoter up-regulation (PubMed:17077180). During adaptive immune responses, is required in peripheral T-lymphocytes for the production of the effector cytokines IL2 and IFNG after TCR engagement and for optimal induction of antibody responses to antigens (By similarity). In epithelial cells stimulated with lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), is activated through a PKC-dependent pathway and mediates LPA-stimulated interleukin-8 (IL8) secretion via a NF-kappa-B-dependent pathway (PubMed:16928771). During TCR-induced T-cell activation, interacts with and is activated by the tyrosine kinase LCK, which results in the activation of the NFAT transcription factors (PubMed:19192391). In the trans-Golgi network (TGN), regulates the fission of transport vesicles that are on their way to the plasma membrane and in polarized cells is involved in the transport of proteins from the TGN to the basolateral membrane (PubMed:14743217). Plays an important role in endothelial cell proliferation and migration prior to angiogenesis, partly through modulation of the expression of KDR/VEGFR2 and FGFR1, two key growth factor receptors involved in angiogenesis (PubMed:19001381). In secretory pathway, is required for the release of chromogranin-A (CHGA)-containing secretory granules from the TGN (PubMed:18262756). Downstream of PRKCA, plays important roles in angiotensin-2-induced monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells (PubMed:17951978). Plays a regulatory role in angiogenesis and tumor growth by phosphorylating a downstream mediator CIB1 isoform 2, resulting in vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) secretion (PubMed:23503467)./Converts transient diacylglycerol (DAG) signals into prolonged physiological effects, downstream of PKC. Involved in resistance to oxidative stress (By similarity).

生物活性：

Not tested

该产品为 PRKD1/2/3 抗体的抗原肽，在抗体检测、纯化时作为封闭肽使用，对应抗体货号为：K111506P。
抗体封闭肽是一类专门用于免疫学检测体系的功能性合成多肽，其核心作用是通过特异性结合干扰性抗体或非特异性结合位点，从而降低实验背景信号，提高检测结果的准确性和可靠性。它并不直接识别目标抗原，而是充当一种“分子屏蔽层”，封闭那些可能导致假阳性或假阴性结果的非特异性相互作用。
在功能层面，抗体封闭肽主要具备两大特性。一是高亲和力的特异性中和能力——其氨基酸序列与检测体系中可能引起交叉反应的抗体表位完全相同或高度同源，因此能够优先与这些干扰抗体结合，占据其活性位点。二是物理屏蔽作用，即在不干扰靶标抗原与检测抗体正常识别的前提下，封闭固相载体或捕获分子上的空缺结合区域，减少杂蛋白或杂抗体的非特异性吸附。
在应用层面，抗体封闭肽广泛应用于各类免疫分析技术中，包括酶联免疫吸附测定、蛋白质印迹、免疫组化以及免疫层析试纸条等。在自身抗体检测、生物制剂的免疫原性分析以及多重免疫检测方法开发中，它能够有效消除由异嗜性抗体、抗物种抗体或样本基质效应引起的背景干扰。此外，在基于标签融合蛋白的表达检测以及抗体亲和纯化流程中，封闭肽同样扮演着关键角色，可作为竞争性洗脱剂或信号校正控制组使用。
注意事项：
1.本产品仅供科研使用，请勿用于医药、临床治疗、食品及化收品等用途 。
2.为了您的安全和健康，请穿实验服，口罩，护目镜，并戴一次性手套操作。
3.实验结果可由多种因素影响，相关处理只限于产品本身，不涉及其他赔偿。
4.请勿存放于普通住宅区。

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