基本信息：

中文名称：

ActivAbTMHLA类组织相容性抗原，DRB1/DRB5/DRB4/DPB1链

英文名称：

ActivAbTMHLA-DRB1/HLA-DRB5/HLA-DRB4/HLA-DPB1 Antibody Blocking Peptide

别名：

HLA-DRB1-2B1F_HUMAN; DR1; DR16; DR5; DR8; DRB1; DRw10; DW2.2/DR2.2; FLJ75017; FLJ76359; HLA class II antigen beta chain; HLA class II histocompatibility antigen， DR-1 beta chain; HLA class II histocompatibility antigen， DRB1-15 beta chain; HLA-DR-beta 1; HLA-DR1B; HLA-DRB; HLA-DRB1; human leucocyte antigen DRB1; Leucocyte antigen DR beta 1 chain; leucocyte antigen DRB1; lymphocyte antigen DRB1; major histocompatibility complex， class II， DR beta 1; MHC class II antigen; MHC class II antigen DRB1*15; MHC class II antigen HLA-DR13; MHC class II HLA-DR beta 1 chain; MHC class II HLA-DR-beta cell surface glycoprotein; MHC class II HLA-DRw10-beta; SS1; HLA-DRB3; HLA-DRB5-HLA class II histocompatibility antigen， DR beta 5 chain;DR beta-5;DR2-beta-2;Dw2;MHC class II antigen DRB5;HLA-DRB5;HLA-DRB4-HLA class II histocompatibility antigen， DR beta 4 chain;MHC class II antigen DRB4;HLA-DRB4; HLA-DPB1-HLA class II histocompatibility antigen， DP beta 1 chain;HLA class II histocompatibility antigen， DP(W4) beta chain;C class II antigen DPB1;HLA-DPB1;

外观(性状)：

Lyophilized powder

来源：

Synthetic

储存条件：

Store at -20℃，2 years.Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.

运输条件：

冷冻运输

规格：

500ug



生物活性：

应用：

Blocking Peptide of K114788P Antibody

纯化方法：

HPLC

背景说明：

HLA-DRB1-HLA-DRB1 belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogs. The class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DRA) and a beta chain (DRB); both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes; dendritic cells; macrophages). The beta chain is approximately 26-28 kDa. It is encoded by 6 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide; exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains; exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain; and exon 5 encodes the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DR molecule the beta chain contains all the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities. Hundreds of DRB1 alleles have been described and typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. DRB1 is expressed at a level five times higher than its paralogs DRB3; DRB4 and DRB5. DRB1 is present in all individuals. Allelic variants of DRB1 are linked with either none or one of the genes DRB3; DRB4 and DRB5. There are 4 related pseudogenes: DRB2; DRB6; DRB7; DRB8 and DRB9. [provided by RefSeq; Jul 2008] HLA-DRB5-Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route; where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules; and for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous. As membrane proteins on their way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal/lysosomal compartments; exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components. Autophagy is also a source of endogenous peptides; autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments. In addition to APCs; other cells of the gastrointestinal tract; such as epithelial cells; express MHC class II molecules and CD74 and act as APCs; which is an unusual trait of the GI tract. To produce a MHC class II molecule that presents an antigen; three MHC class II molecules (heterodimers of an alpha and a beta chain) associate with a CD74 trimer in the ER to form a heterononamer. Soon after the entry of this complex into the endosomal/lysosomal system where antigen processing occurs; CD74 undergoes a sequential degradation by various proteases; including CTSS and CTSL; leaving a small fragment termed CLIP (class-II-associated invariant chain peptide). The removal of CLIP is facilitated by HLA-DM via direct binding to the alpha-beta-CLIP complex so that CLIP is released. HLA-DM stabilizes MHC class II molecules until primary high affinity antigenic peptides are bound. The MHC II molecule bound to a peptide is then transported to the cell membrane surface. In B-cells; the interaction between HLA-DM and MHC class II molecules is regulated by HLA-DO. Primary dendritic cells (DCs) also to express HLA-DO. Lysosomal microenvironment has been implicated in the regulation of antigen loading into MHC II molecules; increased acidification produces increased proteolysis and efficient peptide loading. HLA-DRB4-Calreticulin is a multifunctional protein that acts as a major Ca(2+)-binding (storage) protein in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. It is also found in the nucleus; suggesting that it may have a role in transcription regulation. Calreticulin binds to the synthetic peptide KLGFFKR; which is almost identical to an amino acid sequence in the DNA-binding domain of the superfamily of nuclear receptors. Calreticulin binds to antibodies in certain sera of systemic lupus and Sjogren patients which contain anti-Ro/SSA antibodies; it is highly conserved among species; and it is located in the endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum where it may bind calcium. The amino terminus of calreticulin interacts with the DNA-binding domain of the glucocorticoid receptor and prevents the receptor from binding to its specific glucocorticoid response element. Calreticulin can inhibit the binding of androgen receptor to its hormone-responsive DNA element and can inhibit androgen receptor and retinoic acid receptor transcriptional activities in vivo; as well as retinoic acid-induced neuronal differentiation. Thus; calreticulin can act as an important modulator of the regulation of gene transcription by nuclear hormone receptors. HLA-DPB1-HLA-DPB belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DPA) and a beta chain (DPB); both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes; dendritic cells; macrophages). The beta chain is approximately 26-28 kDa and its gene contains 6 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide; exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains; exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and exon 5 encodes the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DP molecule both the alpha chain and the beta chain contain the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities; resulting in up to 4 different molecules.

生物活性：

Not tested

该产品为 HLA-DRB1/HLA-DRB5/HLA-DRB4/HLA-DPB1 抗体的抗原肽，在抗体检测、纯化时作为封闭肽使用，对应抗体货号为：K114788P。
抗体封闭肽是一类专门用于免疫学检测体系的功能性合成多肽，其核心作用是通过特异性结合干扰性抗体或非特异性结合位点，从而降低实验背景信号，提高检测结果的准确性和可靠性。它并不直接识别目标抗原，而是充当一种“分子屏蔽层”，封闭那些可能导致假阳性或假阴性结果的非特异性相互作用。
在功能层面，抗体封闭肽主要具备两大特性。一是高亲和力的特异性中和能力——其氨基酸序列与检测体系中可能引起交叉反应的抗体表位完全相同或高度同源，因此能够优先与这些干扰抗体结合，占据其活性位点。二是物理屏蔽作用，即在不干扰靶标抗原与检测抗体正常识别的前提下，封闭固相载体或捕获分子上的空缺结合区域，减少杂蛋白或杂抗体的非特异性吸附。
在应用层面，抗体封闭肽广泛应用于各类免疫分析技术中，包括酶联免疫吸附测定、蛋白质印迹、免疫组化以及免疫层析试纸条等。在自身抗体检测、生物制剂的免疫原性分析以及多重免疫检测方法开发中，它能够有效消除由异嗜性抗体、抗物种抗体或样本基质效应引起的背景干扰。此外，在基于标签融合蛋白的表达检测以及抗体亲和纯化流程中，封闭肽同样扮演着关键角色，可作为竞争性洗脱剂或信号校正控制组使用。
注意事项：
1.本产品仅供科研使用，请勿用于医药、临床治疗、食品及化收品等用途 。
2.为了您的安全和健康，请穿实验服，口罩，护目镜，并戴一次性手套操作。
3.实验结果可由多种因素影响，相关处理只限于产品本身，不涉及其他赔偿。
4.请勿存放于普通住宅区。

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